Computer Protection Tips


 But I don’t do anything, how did I get in trouble and how can I stop bad things from entering my computer again?

Virus Protection

99% of the time, a virus will transmit itself and infect computers through email attachments. Here are some general email rules you should follow:

1. Always look at who an email comes from before opening it. Your email program will also indicate if the email has an attachment or not. If you do not recognize the sender and there is an attachment, chances are IT IS a virus being sent to you. Delete any email from someone you don’t know when it has an attachment. Do not open it out of curiosity! Viruses count on your curiosity.

The latest email virus MO... enter a PC through an email attachment, user clicks on the attachment which then runs the virus program which infects the PC, virus then uses your email address book to begin emailing copies of itself out as an attachment to each individual listed in the address book, virus changes the "from" name to someone else in the address book before sending. This covers its tracks so you don't know who's PC is infected.

2. NEVER save or run an attachment which has an "xxx.exe", "xxx.com" or "xxx.pif" extension if you were not expecting it to be emailed to you. The .exe or .com extension means this is an executable program which can be run on the PC. The .pif extension is a personal information file which will change settings in your computer. Remember, viruses can be transmitted in emails from trusted friends who are unaware they have a computer virus. Only exchange files if you have an anti-virus program or the sender does. Keep your virus program updated!!

Internet Protection

The majority of Trojans, worms, malware and spyware enter your PC by simply surfing the internet and visiting a web site which exploits an OS vulnerability to enter. Protecting yourself is much more difficult in this case since you can go anywhere in the world on the internet and have no idea which web site has bad stuff until you visit it and get it. Here are some tips which can help...

1. First learn what a search engine such as Yahoo or Google is and what the displayed search results mean. A search engine's main job is to continually scan the internet 24/7 for web sites. When a site is found, each page of the site is completely scanned for content which is then saved in the search engine's massive database. Now, when you visit to the search engine's web site and enter a search keyword, a list of every internet web page which contains a match to that keyword is listed on your screen. The matches are displayed in a color coded sequence. The first line is typically blue and is the title to the web page which contains the keyword somewhere within it. The first line is also a hyperlink to that specific web page meaning if you click on it, you will be transferred to that specific internet web page. (This means your PC will stop talking to the search engine's PC and begin talking to the PC which contains the web page where ever in the world it is located.)  The search engine then lists a small portion of the sentence which contains the keyword on the matching web site. And finally the last line is the actual internet address of the web site. Pay careful attention to this line as it indicates where the web site is located and what type of PC it is i.e. company, government, organization, etc.. The location is the important part and is indicated by a .xx after the web site address as shown in the example below. The .xx represents the country where the web site PC is located and can be looked up in the Internet Country Code Table listed at the end of this page. If there is no .xx shown, then the PC is located in the US. Places you DO NOT want to go are .de (Germany) or .ru (Russia) or .ca (Canada). Web sites in these countries are generally not nice places. The example below is the result of a Google search for the keyword "Adobe crack". The first line, www.vollsuche.de, indicates the title to the web page, vollsuche, and the location .de  which is Germany. The next two lines are two partial sentences from the web page which contains the search keyword "Adobe" and "crack". Notice the keywords are the only words displayed in bold.

Example:

Adobe premiere 6.5 crack www.vollsuche.de

Suchergebnisse: Adobe premiere 6.5 crack. [ Winace serial ] | [ Adaptec ... Vampire
Aktionswoche: Adobe premiere 6.5 crack. Download Adobe ...
www.vollsuche.de/adobe_premiere_6.5_crack.html - Similar pages
[ More results from www.vollsuche.de ]

 

2. Next understand what a web page, such as the page you are reading, is. A web page is a sequence of computer codes called hyper text machine language (html). This code is transferred over the internet using hyper text transfer protocol (http) which is code your internet browser understands. When you go to a web site by clicking on a link, the site’s html web file code is transferred into your PC from the PC hosting the web page. The html file contain commands, text information, fonts, background colors, pictures and so on which tells your internet browser how to display the web site on your screen. Now here is where the bad guys and advertisers have fun, html also supports what is called scripts. Scripts can tell the browser to open up a new window, go to another web site, download something, insert new favorites into your browser, pop-up an advertisement and so on. Scripts can be easily be stopped by disabling the script function in the browser however sites which utilize scripts for constructive purposes will not be displayed correctly. In any case, you may want to consider running with scripts disabled and enabling it when necessary as this is far safer than leaving scripts enabled.

3. Last understand a very important trick used by many web sites. How many times have you seen a window pop-up saying you’re a winner or a pop-up offering something. When this happens, you are typically faced with three choices YES, NO, or click on the upper right hand corner X to close the window. Two of these choices might get you into trouble at a bad site. First remember when you click on a button, the button does what the programmer says it does. This means a programmer can display a "NO" button which executes YES code when clicked on.  So you can click on YES if you want to see what it is and risk installing something like spyware or you can click on NO and risk that no means no and not yes or you can click on the little "X" in the top right hand corner of the window which terminates the pop-up window. Clicking the "X" is always the safest thing to do. However, another trick with pop-up windows is they may not really be a true pop-up window which can be terminated. Instead the pop-up is embedded within the web page as a graphic which looks EXACTLY like a pop-up window. This means the "X" is now a web button and NOT a windows terminate! This can be detected when the mouse pointer is moved over the little "X", it won’t be an arrow but a little hand with a finger which tells you it’s NOT a real pop-up!! DO NOT click on the "X" in this case. Use you browser arrows and just go somewhere else on the internet, this is not a web site you want to be at anyway if they do this sort of thing.

Common Internet Address Extensions

xxxx.COM Commercial Company

xxxx.EDU Education

xxxx.GOV Government

xxxx.INT International

xxxx.MIL Military (U.S.)

xxxx.NET Network

xxxx.ORG Non-Profit Making Organisation, usually a charitable organisation or club

 

Internet Country Code Table

AD Andorra

AE United Arab Emirates

AF Afghanistan

AG Antigua and Barbuda

AI Anguilla

AL Albania

AM Armenia

AN Netherlands Antilles

AO Angola

AQ Antarctica

AR Argentina

AS American Samoa

AT Austria

AU Australia

AW Aruba

AZ Azerbaijan

BA Bosnia

BB Barbados

BD Bangladesh

BE Belgium

BF Burkina Faso

BG Bulgaria

BH Bahrain

BI Burundi

BJ Benin

BM Bermuda

BN Brunei Darussalam

BO Bolivia

BR Brazil

BS Bahamas

BT Bhutan

BV Bouvet Island

BW Botswana

BY Belarus

BZ Belize

CA Canada

CC Cocos (Keeling) Islands

CF Central African Republic

CG Congo

CH Switzerland

CI Cote D'Ivoire

CK Cook Islands

CL Chile

CM Cameroon

CN China

CO Colombia

CR Costa Rica

CS Czechoslovakia

CU Cuba

CV Cape Verde

CX Christmas Island

CY Cyprus

CZ Czech Republic

DE Germany

DJ Djibouti

DK Denmark

DM Dominica

DO Dominican Republic

DZ Algeria

EC Ecuador

EE Estonia

EG Egypt

EH Western Sahara

ER Eritrea

ES Spain

ET Ethiopia

FI Finland

FJ Fiji

FK Falkland Islands

FM Micronesia

FO Faroe Islands

FR France

FX France, Metropolitan

GA Gabon

GB Great Britain (UK)

GD Grenada

GE Georgia

GF French Guiana

GH Ghana

GI Gibraltar

GL Greenland

GM Gambia

GN Guinea

GP Guadeloupe

GQ Equatorial Guinea

GR Greece

GS S. Georgia Isls.

GT Guatemala

GU Guam

GW Guinea-Bissau

GY Guyana

HK Hong Kong

HN Honduras

HR Croatia (Hrvatska)

HT Haiti

HU Hungary

ID Indonesia

IE Ireland

IL Israel

IN India

IO British Indian Ocean

IQ Iraq

IR Iran

IS Iceland

IT Italy

JM Jamaica

JO Jordan

JP Japan

KE Kenya

KG Kyrgyzstan

KH Cambodia

KI Kiribati

KM Comoros

KN Saint Kitts and Nevis

KP Korea (North)

KR Korea (South)

KW Kuwait

KY Cayman Islands

KZ Kazakhstan

LA Laos

LB Lebanon

LC Saint Lucia

LI Liechtenstein

LR Liberia

LS Lesotho

LT Lithuania

LU Luxembourg

LV Latvia

LY Libya

MA Morocco

MC Monaco

MD Moldova

MG Madagascar

MH Marshall Islands

MK Macedonia

ML Mali

MM Myanmar

MN Mongolia

MO Macau

MP Mariana Islands

MQ Martinique

MR Mauritania

MS Montserrat

MT Malta

MU Mauritius

MV Maldives

MW Malawi

MX Mexico

MY Malaysia

MZ Mozambique

NA Namibia

NC New Caledonia

NE Niger

NF Norfolk Island

NG Nigeria

NI Nicaragua

NL Netherlands

NO Norway

NP Nepal

NR Nauru

NT Neutral Zone

NZ New Zealand

OM Oman

PA Panama

PE Peru

PF French Polynesia

PG Papua New Guinea

PH Philippines

PK Pakistan

PL Poland

PM St. Pierre and Miquelon

PN Pitcairn

PR Puerto Rico

PT Portugal

PW Palau

PY Paraguay

QA Qatar

RE Reunion

RO Romania

RU Russian Federation

RW Rwanda

SA Saudi Arabia

Sb Solomon Islands

SD Sudan

SE Sweden

SG Singapore

SH St. Helena

SI Slovenia

SJ Svalbard Islands

SK Slovak Republic

SL Sierra Leone

SM San Marino

SN Senegal

SO Somalia

SR Suriname

ST Sao Tome and Principe

SU USSR (former)

SV El Salvador

SY Syria

SZ Swaziland

TC Turks and Caicos Islnds

TD Chad

TF French South

TG Togo

TH Thailand

TJ Tajikistan

TK Tokelau

TM Turkmenistan

TN Tunisia

TO Tonga

TR Turkey

TT Trinidad and Tobago

TW Taiwan

TZ Tanzania

UA Ukraine

UG Uganda

UK United Kingdom

UM US Minor Outlying Isles

US United States

UY Uruguay

UZ Uzbekistan

VA Vatican City State

VC Saint Vincent

VE Venezuela

VG Virgin Islands (British)

VI Virgin Islands (U.S.)

VN Viet Nam

VU Vanuatu

WS Samoa

YE Yemen

YU Yugoslavia

ZA South Africa

ZM Zambia

ZW Zimbabwe